3.3 Limitations
As transistors in chips get smaller and smaller, it becomes increasingly difficult to increase clock speeds without significantly increasing power consumption and heat output.
4. Pipelines
Pipelining is an important concept in modern CPU architecture. Pipelining allows a processor to execute multiple instructions at once by dividing the execution process into multiple stages. Each stage is performed by a separate part of the processor, increasing overall efficiency.
In a simple pipeline, the stages might be:
IF instruction fetch: The processor reads an instruction egypt mobile database from the cache or RAM.
ID Instruction Decoding: The processor decodes the instruction to determine what operation it needs to perform.
EX Execute: The processor performs the operation specified in the instruction.
MEM Memory Access: The processor accesses memory to read or write data as needed.
WB write back: The results are written back to a register or memory.
4.2 Advantages of Pipelining
Increased efficiency - By processing multiple instructions at once, the pipeline increases the total number of instructions the processor can execute per unit of time.
More efficient use of resources - each component of the processor can be used continuously without waiting for other stages to complete.