In fact, neural networks have been around for a long time, and the hype around Chat GPT and other types of artificial intelligence is only gaining momentum.
The Turing Test. Dartmouth Conference, 1950s
The founder of neural networks can rightfully be considered the mathematician Alan Turing, it was he who proposed the idea of creating such machines. He was sure that it was possible to create an algorithm that would use information similarly to the human brain. In order to verify the efficiency of his theory, he came up with a test. Within its framework, a person could ask a question using text to another person and a machine at the same time. Even then, it was impossible to distinguish some of the algorithm's answers from the response of a living person. This began to be considered confirmation of the existence of artificial intelligence.
Conducting research and bahamas email list verifying what Alan Turing had come up with was very difficult due to the cost of the equipment that could do it and the limited functionality of computers. At that time, only large companies and top universities could do such research.
In 1956, a conference was held at Dartmouth College that was dedicated to the mechanization of thought processes. At this conference, computer scientist John McCarthy proposed the term "Artificial Intelligence." This moment is considered the beginning of AI.
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The Best Years of Artificial Intelligence, 1960s
During this decade, computers became more accessible, they were constantly being modernized, and they were already capable of storing and processing large amounts of information. Machine learning algorithms were not far behind:
Work with specific systems began: the first computer programs appeared that simulated a specialist in a specific field. There were two components: a dialog box and an information base. Then they developed the DENDRAL system, which determined the structure of any molecule of organic compounds.
DENDRAL
The first neural networks appeared that could learn from information and solve problems. They were called "perceptrons" and could, for example, understand what kind of number a person had written by hand.
It was during this period that the LISP programming language appeared, which became the foundation for the study of artificial intelligence.
In 1966, the first chatbot ELIZA appeared, it could communicate in a language familiar to us and worked like a psychotherapist. It was created by the American scientist Joseph Weizenbaum.